Offsets:
You generally want to stay at the same offset as your stock wheels. Changing offsets can result in a change in scrub radius and torque steer (FWD and AWD only).
1. When changing diameters and offsets, your number one concern is to make sure the wheel will fit with your current suspension and bodywork. Every car is different, so check with other people who have your same car to determine what will fit with your brakes, suspension drop, body work, etc.
2. When going to a smaller offset wheel, toe-in must be increased (same as decreasing toe-out) to compensate.
3. Going to a smaller offset wheel will change the scrub radius. The only way to bring it back to stock is to increase the overall diameter of the wheel/tire assembly. This has nothing to do with wheel diameter, but everything to do with the rolling diameter of the tires.